SUMIFS Examples: Sum with Multiple Criteria in Excel
SUMIFS examples with real data: two criteria, a date range, greater than, wildcards, "not equal" and COUNTIFS, plus the mistakes that return 0.
Guides
Finance, accounting & Excel guides
One question per guide, answered with a worked example, the formula in Excel and the mistakes to avoid. Then practise it in a lab that checks your answer.
Excel formulas
Lookups, conditional sums and schedules, explained on finance data.
XLOOKUP vs VLOOKUP: Differences and When to Use Each
XLOOKUP vs VLOOKUP side by side: exact match defaults, lookups to the left, not-found values, approximate matches and compatibility, with a worked example.
Loan Amortization Schedule in Excel: PMT, IPMT & PPMT
Build a loan amortization schedule in Excel with PMT, IPMT and PPMT: payment, interest, principal and balance per month, with a worked example.
Accounting & financial statements
Bookkeeping, VAT and the ratios that read a set of accounts.
Trial Balance Example: How to Prepare One Step by Step
A complete trial balance example with 15 accounts: normal balances, debit and credit columns in Excel, how to find errors and what it cannot prove.
How to Calculate VAT from Gross: Reverse VAT Formula
Calculate VAT from a gross amount: net = gross ÷ (1 + rate), VAT = gross − net. Excel formulas, examples at 20%, 19% and 5%, and the classic mistake.
Cash Conversion Cycle Formula: DSO, DIO & DPO Example
The cash conversion cycle formula (DSO + DIO − DPO) explained with a two-year worked example in Excel, what the days cost in cash, and how to read it.
Current Ratio vs Quick Ratio: Formulas and Example
Current ratio vs quick ratio: both formulas, an Excel example of two firms with the same current ratio but very different liquidity, and how to read them.
DuPont Analysis Example: ROE in 3 and 5 Steps
DuPont analysis worked example: split ROE into net margin, asset turnover and equity multiplier (plus the 5-step version) for two companies with a 20% ROE.
Valuation, investing & credit
Cost of capital, cash-flow valuation, returns and loan capacity.
How to Calculate WACC in Excel: Formula & Example
Calculate WACC in Excel step by step: CAPM cost of equity, after-tax cost of debt and market-value weights, with a worked example (8.95%).
How to Build a DCF Model in Excel: Step-by-Step Example
Build a DCF model in Excel: forecast free cash flow, discount it at the WACC, add a terminal value and bridge to value per share. Worked example.
How to Calculate IRR in Excel: IRR, XIRR and MIRR
Calculate IRR in Excel with IRR, XIRR and MIRR. Worked example with real cash flows, an NPV check and the mistakes that give wrong answers.
Simple LBO Model Example: Sources & Uses, MOIC and IRR
A simple LBO model in Excel: sources and uses, a five-year debt paydown, exit value, MOIC and IRR. Worked example with every formula (2.46x).
How to Calculate the Sharpe Ratio in Excel (Example)
Calculate the Sharpe ratio in Excel from monthly returns: AVERAGE, STDEV.S and SQRT(12) to annualise, a two-fund example and the common mistakes.
Cap Rate Calculation: Formula, NOI and Worked Example
How to calculate the cap rate: build NOI from rent, vacancy and expenses, divide by price, and turn a market cap rate into a value. Excel example.
Debt Service Coverage Ratio (DSCR): Formula & Example
DSCR explained: cash flow available for debt service ÷ interest plus principal. Examples for a business and a rental property, and loan sizing in Excel.
Business & operations
Costs, inventory, projects, customers and pay.
Break-Even Analysis in Excel: Formula and Example
Break-even analysis in Excel: break-even units and revenue, contribution margin, margin of safety and the volume for a profit target, with an example.
EOQ Formula: Economic Order Quantity Example in Excel
The EOQ formula √(2DS/H) with a worked example in Excel: holding cost, orders per year, the cost curve, and why rounding to a pack size is fine.
Earned Value Formulas: CPI, SPI, EAC Worked Example
Earned value management formulas with one consistent example: PV, EV, AC, CV, SV, CPI, SPI, EAC, ETC, VAC and TCPI, calculated step by step in Excel.
LTV:CAC Ratio: How to Calculate It, With Example
How to calculate the LTV:CAC ratio: fully loaded CAC, LTV from gross margin and churn, CAC payback and the churn limit, in a worked Excel example.
Compa-Ratio: Formula, Excel Example and How to Read It
The compa-ratio formula (salary ÷ band midpoint) with an Excel example: lookups to the salary band, range penetration, group compa-ratio and review flags.
Reading is step one. Doing is step two.
Every guide links to a lab where you build the same calculation in an online spreadsheet and get instant feedback.